Colon and rectum cancer 2016
Cancer in the colon and rectum are clinically usually considered as one entity. There are genetic grounds indications that right-sided and left-sided colon and rectum cancer can have different pathogeneses and appear to have different responses to treatment.
About 98% of all cancer tumors in the colon/rectum are adenocarcinomas. The rest are spinocellular carcinomas, carcinoids, lymphomas, and sarcomas. The tumors are often localized in the ascending colon, sigmoid and rectum, and rarely in the middle part of the colon.
In the embryo, the rectum grows from the abdomen into the pelvis. During this development the surrounding intestine and fat tissue (mesorectum) also "pull down" the covering fascias found in the abdomen. These fascia layers are very important for the dissection plane in localized rectal cancer.
cancer,Colon and rectum cancer 2016,cancer
cancer,Colon and rectum cancer 2016,cancer
Incidence
In Norway in 2013, there were 4127 reported new cases of cancer in the colon/rectum. Cancer in the colon/rectum constitute approximately 15% of all cancer cases in Norway.
Secondary to breast cancer in women and prostate cancer in men, cancer in the colon/rectum is the most common cancer forms in each sex. Rectal cancer amounts to approximately 5% of cancers for each sex, while colon cancer constitutes 9% in men and 12% in women.
In Norway, the incidence of cancer in the colon and rectum are higher than in any other European country and the United States. This cancer type rarely occurs before age 30 and is most common between 60-70 years.
The incidence of both colon and rectum cancer has increased in the past 40 years for both sexes. The incidence varies strongly between industrialized and underdeveloped countries. Changes over time and geographic variations indicate there are environmental risk factors.
cancer,Colon and rectum cancer 2016,cancer
[embed]https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fW4Y_poPPxg[/embed]
cancer,Colon and rectum cancer 2016,cancer
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